President Giuliano Amato, invited at the Graduate Institute for a Conference on European Institutions and the deficit of trust and empathy with European citizens, traced 2 options for the future of the Union: the “Federal” way, with the completion of political integration, and the “functionalist” way, with some urgent but partial answers to the most urgent needs of European people: a common fiscal policy to complete the monetary union, an inclusive and continentale policy on immigration and a common defence.